What is Missing?

The Florida Department of Corrections collects a significant amount of data for its administrative purposes. While I am unsure of the exact details as they have denied all of my FOIA requests, it is clear that they gather a substantial amount of information. This list, although not comprehensive or accurate, is presented to aid in brainstorming for those who could potentially have access to any of this data or resources to support my acquiring and analysis of it. It highlights some of the data that I suspect they may be holding and emphasizes the potential value that public access to this data could bring.

What is Missing?

Data that a Department of Corrections Might Track for Administrative Use Include:

Data on the Staff

Staff demographics

• Age (measured in years)

• Gender

• Race/ethnicity

• Educational background
  • Degree level (measured in years of education)
  • Major/field of study

• Work experience (measured in years)

• Job title/position

• Department/program affiliation

• Salary range (measured in currency)

• Union membership

• Years of service (measured in years)

• Professional certifications/licenses

• Language proficiency

• Disability status

• Veteran status

• Sexual orientation

• Marital status

• Geographic location

• Commuting distance/time (measured in miles/hours)

• Housing status

• Citizenship status

• Immigration status

Staff retention rates and reasons for turnover

• The number of staff members who leave the organization voluntarily or involuntarily

• The length of time staff members remain with the organization before leaving (measured in years)

• The reasons that staff members leave, such as dissatisfaction with working conditions, low salary, or lack of career advancement opportunities

• The cost of turnover, including recruitment and training expenses (measured in currency)

Staff training and certification records

• Training titles and content subject matter

• The number of staff members who participate in each training opportunity

• The duration and frequency of each training opportunity (measured in hours/days/weeks)

• The qualifications and experience of trainers and instructors

• The cost of each training opportunity and the funding sources (measured in currency)

• The compliance of staff members with required training and certification/licensure

Staff Disciplinary actions

• The type of infraction committed by the staff member (e.g. breaking policies or procedures, insubordination)

• The date and location of the infraction

• The sanctions imposed, such as suspension or termination

• The staff member's compliance with the sanctions

• Any appeals or grievances filed by the staff member regarding the infraction or sanctions

• Records of any investigations or hearings related to the infraction

• Any relevant documentation, such as witness statements or video footage

Staff workload and job satisfaction

• Use a Likert scale (e.g. 1-10)
  • Overall job satisfaction
  • Frequency of feeling stressed or overwhelmed at work
  • Satisfaction with level of support and resources provided by management
  • Satisfaction with level of communication from management
  • Satisfaction with training and professional development opportunities provided
  • Satisfaction with salary and benefits
  • Satisfaction with working conditions
  • Satisfaction with relationships with co-workers and supervisors
  • Feeling safe while working at the facility
  • Satisfaction with level of respect shown by incarcerated persons
  • Satisfaction with support and resources provided to handle difficult situations with incarcerated persons, co-workers, or supervisors
  • Level of recognition and appreciation received for work
  • Likelihood to recommend facility as a place to work to others

• The number of hours worked by staff members (measured in hours)

• The number and frequency of breaks provided to staff members

• The number and frequency of overtime hours worked by staff members (measured in hours)

• The number and frequency of staff members who take vacation or personal time (measured in days)

• The number and frequency of staff members who call in sick or miss work (measured in occurrences)

• The reasons given for sick leave or absenteeism, such as illness, injury, or personal reasons

Performance evaluations or assessments

• Adherence to policies and procedures
  • number of policy violations or deviations observed during a specified time period.

• Interpersonal skills
  • feedback from colleagues, or through surveys.

• Safety and security
  • number of security breaches, incidents of violence or disorder, and contraband finds.

• Professionalism and ethics
  • the number of complaints or grievances filed against the officer, as well as the outcomes of any investigations or hearings.

• Documentation and record-keeping:
  • Measure accuracy and completeness of records generated by the officer.

• Leadership and teamwork:
  • feedback from colleagues and superiors, as well as through observation of the officer's interactions with other staff members.

• Attendance and punctuality:
  • number of absences and tardiness incidents, as well as the reasons for these occurrences.

• Job knowledge and skills:
  • Physical fitness tests
  • Firearms proficiency tests
  • Defensive tactics/Use of Force training and evaluation
  • Emergency response training and evaluation
  • Crisis intervention training and evaluation
  • Legal knowledge and comprehension tests
  • Medical training and evaluation
  • Mental health training and evaluation
  • Cultural competency and diversity training and evaluation
  • Communication and de-escalation training and evaluation
  • Computer and technology proficiency tests
  • Officer's response times

Data on the Conditions

Use of force incidents

• Type of force used (physical, chemical, or other)
  • Measure type of force used as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = physical, 2 = chemical, 3 = other).

• Severity of force used (minor, moderate, or severe)
  • Measure severity of force used as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = minor, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe).

• The reason force was used (such as to subdue a violent or disruptive incarcerated person)
  • Measure the reason force was used as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = to subdue a violent incarcerated person, 2 = to subdue a disruptive incarcerated person).

• The number of staff members involved in the incident
  • Measure the number of staff members involved as a numerical variable (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc.).

• The number of incarcerated persons involved in the incident
  • Measure the number of incarcerated persons involved as a numerical variable (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc.).

• The location and time of the incident
  • Measure the location and time of the incident as categorical variables (e.g. location = cell block A, time = morning).

• Any injuries sustained by staff or incarcerated persons as a result of the incident
  • Measure the number and type of injuries sustained by staff or incarcerated persons as categorical variables (e.g. 1 = no injuries, 2 = minor injuries, 3 = major injuries).

• The number and types of weapons or tools used by staff members
  • Measure the number and types of weapons or tools used as categorical variables (e.g. 1 = baton, 2 = pepper spray, 3 = taser).

• The number and types of weapons or tools possessed by incarcerated persons during the incident
  • Measure the number and types of weapons or tools possessed by incarcerated persons as categorical variables (e.g. 1 = makeshift weapon, 2 = contraband).

• Any disciplinary actions taken against staff members involved in the incident
  • Measure the disciplinary action taken as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = verbal warning, 2 = written warning, 3 = suspension, 4 = termination).

• Any investigations or hearings related to the incident
  • Measure the number and outcome of investigations or hearings as categorical variables (e.g. 1 = no investigation, 2 = investigation completed with no findings, 3 = investigation completed with findings).

• Any relevant documentation, such as witness statements or video footage
  • Measure the existence and type of documentation as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = no documentation, 2 = witness statements only, 3 = video footage available).

• The impact of the incident on the safety and security of the facility and its occupants
  • Measure the impact on safety and security as a categorical variable (e.g. 1 = no impact, 2 = minor impact, 3 = major impact).

Grievances and appeals

• The number and types of grievances and appeals filed by incarcerated persons

• The outcome of each grievance or appeal, such as whether the incarcerated person's complaint was resolved or denied

• The length of time it takes to process each grievance or appeal

• Any investigations or hearings related to the grievance or appeal

• Any relevant documentation, such as witness statements or video footage

• Any disciplinary actions taken against staff members as a result of the grievance or appeal

Segregation and solitary confinement

• The number of incarcerated persons who are placed in segregation or solitary confinement, and the reasons for their placement
  • Measure the number of incarcerated persons who are placed in segregation or solitary confinement as a numerical variable
  • Categorize the reasons for their placement (e.g. disciplinary, protective custody, administrative)

• The length of time each incarcerated person spends in segregation or solitary confinement, and any extensions to that time period
  • Measure the length of time each incarcerated person spends in segregation or solitary confinement as a numerical variable
  • Measure any extensions to that time period as a numerical variable

• The frequency of staff check-ins with incarcerated persons in segregation or solitary confinement

• The number and types of interventions provided to incarcerated persons in segregation or solitary confinement, such as counseling or mental health treatment
  • Measure the number and types of interventions as a numerical variable
  • Categorize the types of interventions (e.g. counseling, medication management)

Legal resources and representation

• The number of incarcerated persons who request legal assistance or representation

• The type of legal assistance or representation provided, such as access to a law library or legal counsel
  • Categorize the type of legal assistance or representation provided (e.g. access to a law library, access to legal counsel, provision of legal forms).

• The frequency and duration of legal visits or consultations

Community Connections

Mail

• number and type of mail received and sent

• Record the total number of mail screenings

• number of instances where incoming or outgoing mail was confiscated or returned to the sender

• Record the total number of prohibited materials found during mail screenings per day/week/month

• The frequency and timing of mail delivery to incarcerated persons

• The incidents of damaged or lost mail

• Number and type of legal mail received and sent per day/week/month

• The frequency and intensity of legal mail screenings

• Number of instances where legal mail was confiscated or returned to the sender

Correctional officers may be required to annotate information such as the following as they screen and review incoming and outgoing mail:

• Date and time of screening

• Name and ID number of the incarcerated person whose mail is being screened

• Sender's name and address

• Recipient's name and address

• Language used in the letter

• Topics discussed in the letter

• Any mention of illegal activities or plans

• Any mention of violence or threats

• Any mention of contraband or illegal substances

• Any mention of staff members or other incarcerated persons

• Any mention of legal matters or pending court cases

• Any mention of mental health concerns or medical issues

• Any unusual or suspicious language or behavior used in the letter

• Any other relevant information that may be useful for the facility's security or investigative purposes

Phone

• The frequency and duration of phone calls or video visits

• costs

• number of phone calls monitored

• phone monitoring outcomes, annotations

  Correctional officers may be required to annotate information such as the following as they listen to phone calls made by incarcerated persons:

  • Date and time of the call
  • Length of the call
  • Phone number dialed and/or received
  • Name of the person dialed and/or received
  • Relationship of the person dialed and/or received to the incarcerated person
  • Language spoken during the call
  • Topics discussed during the call
  • Any mention of illegal activities or plans
  • Any mention of violence or threats
  • Any mention of contraband or illegal substances
  • Any mention of staff members or other incarcerated persons
  • Any mention of legal matters or pending court cases
  • Any mention of mental health concerns or medical issues
  • Any unusual or suspicious behavior or language used during the call
  • Any other relevant information that may be useful for the facility's security or investigative purposes

• Number of cell phones confiscated

Digital Communications

• The number and types of electronic messages sent and received by incarcerated persons, such as emails or text messages

• The content and recipients of electronic messages sent and received by incarcerated persons

• The costs of the communications and technology to the incarcerated population

• The number and types of violations of electronic communication policies and procedures by incarcerated persons

• The number and types of investigations or hearings related to electronic communication violations by incarcerated persons

Visitation

• Visitation arrival and departure log

• The length of each visit (measured in minutes)

• The number of visitors per incarcerated person per visit

• visitation incidents

• The number of visitation incidents resulting in security breaches or escapes

• The number of incarcerated persons who are not able to receive visits due to facility policies or restrictions

Media Access

• The number of incarcerated persons who have access to television programming

• The number of incarcerated persons who have access to radio programming

• The number of incarcerated persons who have access to newspapers or magazines

• The policies and procedures regarding access to media for incarcerated persons

• The number of instances where media access was restricted or revoked for incarcerated persons

• The reasons for restricting or revoking media access for incarcerated persons

Religious services and materials

• The number and frequency of religious services offered to incarcerated persons

• The types of religious services offered, such as Christian, Muslim, or Jewish services

• The qualifications and experience of chaplains and religious volunteers who lead services

• The number of incarcerated persons who participate in each religious service

• The availability of religious materials, such as Bibles or prayer rugs

• The types of religious materials allowed or prohibited, such as religious texts or religiously themed clothing

Education and library resources

• The number of incarcerated persons who participate in educational or vocational programs

• The types of programs offered, such as GED classes, college courses, or job training

• The cost of these programs and the funding sources

• The qualifications of the instructors and staff who oversee these programs

• The availability of these programs to different groups of incarcerated persons, such as those with disabilities or those in segregation

• The incarcerated person's participation and progress in these programs

• The number and types of books available in the facility library

• The frequency of library access for incarcerated persons

• The number of incarcerated persons who borrow books from the library

• The qualifications of the librarians who oversee the library

• The number of incarcerated persons who participate in educational or vocational programs

Exercise and recreation opportunities

• The number and types of exercise equipment available to incarcerated persons
  • Count the number of exercise equipment available and categorize them by type (e.g. weights, treadmills, stationary bikes, etc.)

• The hours of operation of exercise facilities

• The number and types of exercise classes or programs offered to incarcerated persons

• The availability of outdoor recreation spaces and equipment, such as basketball courts or soccer fields

• The hours of operation and accessibility of outdoor recreation spaces
  • Record the hours of operation for each outdoor recreation space
  • Evaluate the accessibility of each outdoor recreation space for incarcerated persons with disabilities

• The number and types of recreational activities available to incarcerated persons, such as board games or arts and crafts

• The qualifications of staff who oversee recreational programs

• The number of incarcerated persons who participate in recreational programs

Personal hygiene and grooming supplies

• The types and quantities of personal hygiene and grooming supplies available to incarcerated persons

• The frequency with which personal hygiene and grooming supplies are distributed to incarcerated persons

• The cost of personal hygiene and grooming supplies and the funding sources

• The availability of specialized personal hygiene and grooming supplies for individuals with specific needs, such as those with disabilities or medical conditions

• The number and types of grievances or appeals related to personal hygiene and grooming supplies

Food and dietary accommodations

• The number and types of meals provided to incarcerated persons each day

• The availability of special dietary accommodations, such as vegetarian, kosher, or halal meals

• The process for accommodating incarcerated persons with allergies or medical conditions that require special diets

• The number and types of grievances or appeals related to food and dietary accommodations

• The cultural alignment of food to the incarcerated population
  • The number and types of special dietary accommodations for different cultural groups, such as halal or kosher meals

• The quality of food hygiene
  • The frequency of inspections by health inspectors and the results of those inspections
  • The number of foodborne illness outbreaks and the causes of those outbreaks
  • The number and types of complaints related to food quality or hygiene
  • The number and types of grievances or appeals related to food and dietary accommodations

• The nutritional content of meals provided to incarcerated persons
  • The number of calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals provided by each meal
  • The overall nutritional quality of meals provided to incarcerated persons
  • The number and types of dietary supplements provided to incarcerated persons, such as vitamins or protein shakes

• The availability of healthy food options
  • The types of healthy food options available, such as fruits and vegetables or whole grains

Medical and mental health care

• The number and types of medications prescribed to incarcerated persons

• The number of incarcerated persons who have been diagnosed with a mental health condition

• The number of incarcerated persons who receive mental health treatment or counseling

• The number of incarcerated persons who have attempted suicide or engaged in self-harm

• The number and types of medical and mental health services available to incarcerated persons

• The qualifications and experience of medical and mental health staff

• The frequency and duration of medical and mental health appointments

• The number and types of medical and mental health emergencies

• The number and types of grievances or appeals related to medical and mental health care

• The number and types of disciplinary infractions related to medical or mental health care, such as refusal to take medication

• The number and types of medical procedures performed, such as surgeries or dental work

• The number and types of medical tests conducted, such as blood tests or X-rays

• The number and types of medical devices used, such as hearing aids or prosthetics

• The number of incarcerated persons who have been diagnosed with a chronic medical condition, such as diabetes or asthma

• The number of incarcerated persons who have been diagnosed with a communicable disease, such as tuberculosis or HIV/AIDS

• The number of incarcerated persons who have received vaccinations or other preventative medical treatments

• The number of incarcerated persons who receive palliative or hospice care

• The number of incarcerated persons who have been released from custody due to medical reasons

Data on the Facility

Staffing levels and vacancies

• The total number of staff employed by the correctional facility

• The number of vacancies in various positions, such as correctional officers, medical staff, or administrative staff

• The length of time positions have been vacant

• The budget allocated for staffing and salaries

• The ratio of staff to incarcerated persons

• The number of hours worked by staff members

Budget and expenses

• The total budget allocated to the correctional facility

• The amount of money spent on food, medical care, and other necessities for incarcerated persons

• The cost of maintaining the facility, including utilities and maintenance
  • The number and frequency of plumbing issues, such as leaks or clogs
  • The number and frequency of electrical issues, such as power outages or faulty wiring
  • The number and frequency of heating and cooling issues, such as malfunctioning HVAC systems or inadequate temperature control
  • The number and frequency of pest control issues, such as infestations of rodents or insects
  • The number and frequency of cleaning and sanitation issues, such as spills or unsanitary conditions
  • The number and frequency of maintenance requests submitted by staff members or incarcerated persons
  • The number and frequency of maintenance tasks completed by facility maintenance staff
  • The cost of maintenance and repairs, including materials and labor
  • The amount of time it takes to complete maintenance tasks or respond to maintenance requests
  • The frequency of facility inspections by health and safety regulators, and any findings or violations noted during those inspections

• The cost of staff salaries and benefits

• The cost of incarcerated person work programs and other rehabilitative services

• The cost of legal fees and court proceedings related to the facility and incarcerated persons

• The amount of money saved through incarcerated person labor or other cost-cutting measures

  Total incarcerated persons assigned to work and number of hours worked for all positions including:

  • Manufacturing workers
  • Custodial workers
  • Laundry workers
  • Food service employees
  • Groundskeepers
  • Janitorial workers
  • Maintenance workers
  • Administrative workers
  • Construction workers
  • Equipment operators
  • Customer service representatives
  • Agricultural workers
  • Landscaping workers
  • Painters
  • Clerical workers
  • Tutoring/teaching staff
  • Vocational training workers

Maintenance and Operations

• Facility safety and security measures, such as cameras and alarms

  Supplies needed for any state department operation:

  • Office supplies (e.g. pens, paper, staplers)
  • Computers and other electronic devices
  • Cleaning supplies (e.g. disinfectants, brooms, mops)
  • First aid kits and medical supplies
  • Fire extinguishers and other fire safety equipment
  • Safety equipment (e.g. hard hats, safety glasses, gloves)
  • Tools and equipment for maintenance and repairs
  • Furniture (e.g. chairs, desks, filing cabinets)
  • Vehicles for transportation
  • Fuel for vehicles and generators
  • Lighting supplies (e.g. light bulbs, lamps)
  • Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) supplies

  Supplies needed specifically for corrections agencies:

  • Restraints (e.g. handcuffs, leg irons)
  • Riot gear (e.g. shields, helmets)
  • Less lethal weapons (e.g. pepper spray, tasers)
  • Firearms and ammunition
  • Body armor and protective equipment
  • Locks and keys for cells and other secure areas
  • Fencing and other barriers for security purposes
  • Cleaning supplies specific to correctional settings (e.g. disinfectants for cells and common areas)
  • Personal hygiene and grooming supplies for incarcerated persons (e.g. soap, toothbrushes, razors)
  • Food and dietary supplies for incarcerated persons (e.g. food, utensils, trays)
  • Medical and mental health supplies (e.g. medication, medical equipment, therapy materials)
  • Educational and vocational supplies (e.g. textbooks, computer equipment, tools for vocational training)
  • Exercise and recreational equipment (e.g. weights, sports equipment, board games)
  • Clothing and bedding for incarcerated persons (e.g. uniforms, sheets, blankets)

• Maintenance and repair records for equipment and infrastructure

• Environmental health and safety measures, such as air quality and waste management

• Cleaning and sanitation procedures and schedules

• Emergency response plans and drills

Data on the Incarcerated Population

Population by facility and/or housing unit

• Demographic information (age, gender, race, etc.)

• Criminal history and offense type

• Sentence length and time served

• Gang affiliation and security threat level

• Work assignments

• Visitors and visitation schedules

• Release and parole eligibility dates

Length of stay and time served

• Total length of stay in the correctional facility

• Time served for current offense

• Time remaining in sentence

• Time credited for good behavior or participation in programs

Offense type and severity

• The specific offense committed

• The severity of the offense, such as a felony or misdemeanor

• The number of offenses committed

• Whether the offense was committed while the incarcerated person was on parole or probation

Parole eligibility and release dates

• The date the incarcerated person is first eligible for parole

• The date of the incarcerated person's next parole hearing

• The incarcerated person's release date, if known

• The conditions of the incarcerated person's parole, such as supervision requirements or drug testing

Disciplinary infractions and sanctions

• The type of infraction committed, such as assault or possession of contraband

• The date and location of the infraction

• The sanctions imposed, such as loss of privileges or segregation

• Any appeals or grievances filed by the incarcerated person regarding the infraction or sanctions

Classification and custody levels

• The incarcerated person's custody level, such as minimum, medium, or maximum security

• The incarcerated person's classification level, such as minimum, medium, or maximum risk

• The incarcerated person's housing assignment and location within the facility

• Any special needs or accommodations the incarcerated person requires, such as medical or mental health treatment

Finances

• The amount of money in each incarcerated person's account

• The sources of each incarcerated person's income, such as wages earned through work programs or funds deposited by family members

• The amount of money spent by incarcerated persons on commissary items, such as snacks or toiletries

• The amount of money spent by incarcerated persons on forms of communication

• The amount of money spent by incarcerated persons on legal fees or court costs

• The amount of money spent by incarcerated persons on medical or mental health care, including copays or deductibles

• The amount of money spent by incarcerated persons on educational or vocational programs, such as college courses or job training

• The amount of money saved by incarcerated persons through participation in savings programs or other financial education initiatives

• The amount of debt owed by incarcerated persons, such as unpaid fines or court-ordered restitution

• The number and types of grievances or appeals related to financial issues, such as disputes over account balances or unauthorized charges

• The amount of money each incarcerated person is released into the world with upon EOS

• The fees implemented by the corrections agency on the incarcerated

Data on Transportation

• The number of vehicles owned by the department of corrections

• The age and condition of each vehicle

• The total mileage driven by each vehicle

• The fuel efficiency of each vehicle

• The total cost of vehicle maintenance and repairs

• The number of accidents involving department of corrections vehicles

• The cost of insurance for department of corrections vehicles

• The number and frequency of vehicle inspections

• The number of incarcerated persons transported by the department of corrections

• The distance traveled per transport

• The duration of each transport

• The number of staff members involved in each transport

• The number and types of restraints used during each transport

• The number and types of incidents that occur during transports, such as fights or medical emergencies

• The number of incarcerated persons who are transported to court or other facilities for legal proceedings

• The number of incarcerated persons who are injured or killed during transport

• The number of incidents of excessive use of force or violence by correctional officers during transport

• The number of incidents of sexual misconduct or assault by correctional officers during transport

• The number of incidents of racial or other forms of discrimination or bias during transport

• The number of incidents of retaliation or punishment against incarcerated persons during transport, such as for filing grievances or complaints

• The number of incidents of inadequate medical care or treatment during transport

• The number of incidents of inadequate mental health care or treatment during transport

• The number of incidents of physical or emotional trauma experienced by incarcerated persons during transport

• The number of grievances or complaints filed by incarcerated persons related to transportation, including the outcomes of those grievances or complaints

• The number of lawsuits filed against the department of corrections related to transportation, including the outcomes of those lawsuits

• The number of staff members involved in each transport, and any patterns or disparities related to staff demographics or behavior

Data on COVID

• Number of COVID cases among incarcerated persons and staff members

• Number of COVID-related hospitalizations and deaths among incarcerated persons and staff members

• Number of COVID tests administered to incarcerated persons and staff members, and the percentage of positive results

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented within the facility, such as PPE distribution, testing protocols, and social distancing guidelines

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented during transport of incarcerated persons, such as testing prior to transport and use of PPE

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented during visitation, such as testing requirements and social distancing guidelines

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented for staff members, such as PPE distribution and testing protocols

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented for incarcerated persons with special needs or medical conditions

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented for newly arriving incarcerated persons, such as quarantine protocols and testing requirements

• Number and type of COVID-related safety measures implemented for incarcerated persons nearing release, such as testing protocols and access to vaccines

• Cost of COVID-related safety measures, including testing, PPE, and other resources

Data from Sensors/IOT

• Data from fence controls and sensors:
  • Number and frequency of fence breaches or attempted breaches
  • Time and location of fence breaches or attempted breaches
  • Number and types of disciplinary infractions related to fence breaches or attempted breaches
  • Number and types of investigations or hearings related to fence breaches or attempted breaches

• Data from temperature sensors:
  • Temperature readings in different areas of the facility, including housing units, medical areas, and administrative areas

• Data from maintenance records

• Data from perimeter sensors:
  • Motion detection
  • Heat detection
  • Noise detection
  • Vibration detection
  • Pressure detection
  • Light detection
  • Magnetic field detection
  • Infrared detection
  • Radio frequency detection
  • Ultrasonic detection
  • Video surveillance footage

Relevant Public Data

• Environmental conditions:
  • Air quality measurements near correctional facilities
  • Temperature and humidity data for correctional facilities
  • Geographic data on proximity to natural resources, such as water and forests
  • Weather data, including precipitation and extreme weather events

• Political conditions:
  • Number of registered voters in the area surrounding a correctional facility
  • Voter turnout rates in local and state elections
  • Crime rates and trends in surrounding communities
  • Presence and influence of advocacy groups and organizations focused on criminal justice reform

• Economic conditions:
  • Local and state economic indicators, such as employment rates and GDP
  • Income and poverty levels in surrounding communities
  • Availability and accessibility of public transportation for families visiting incarcerated persons
  • Cost of living in surrounding communities
  • Availability and accessibility of affordable housing

• Health conditions:
  • Prevalence rates of chronic diseases and mental health conditions in surrounding communities

• Demographic conditions:
  • Racial and ethnic makeup of surrounding communities
  • Immigration status and history of surrounding communities
  • Educational attainment levels in surrounding communities
  • Age and gender distributions in surrounding communities
  • Housing stability

• Legal conditions:
  • Number and type of lawsuits filed against the correctional facility or department of corrections

• Social conditions:
  • Availability and accessibility of support services and programs for formerly incarcerated individuals
  • Presence and influence of community organizations and advocacy groups focused on criminal justice reform

• Educational conditions:
  • School district data: School districts often collect and report data on student enrollment, graduation rates, standardized test scores, and other educational outcomes. This data can be used to understand educational conditions in a specific school district.
  • National and state assessments: The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and state-level assessments provide data on student achievement in specific subjects and grade levels. This data can be used to understand educational conditions at the national and state levels.

Some potential studies which follow

Using:

Data on the Staff

• Analyze the time spent waiting at gates and security points, in minutes, according to position, rank, role, gender, and sex, compare to civilian and incarcerated person wait times.

• Investigate the impact of prison staff turnover on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze the relationship between correctional officers' use of force and rates of disciplinary infractions, violence, and disorder among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of staff training programs in reducing rates of disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons with mental health conditions, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between staff demographics and behavior (e.g. gender, race, age) and rates of violence, disorder, and discrimination among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze the relationship between staff demographics and behavior (e.g. gender, race, age) and rates of use of force, disciplinary infractions, and violence among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze the impact of different types of staff-to-inmate ratios on rates of violence, disorder, and illness among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of staff accountability measures, such as body cameras or internal affairs investigations, in reducing rates of staff misconduct and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the impact of different types of staff training programs in reducing the use of restraints and segregation on incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze patterns in the use of force by correctional officers to identify potential instances of sexual abuse or harassment, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of staff training programs in reducing rates of staff misconduct and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons with disabilities, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the impact of prison staff morale on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of staff training programs in reducing rates of staff misconduct and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons with substance use disorders, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of staffing models, such as private vs. public, on rates of disciplinary infractions, overall well-being, and cost-effectiveness.

Data on the Conditions

• Investigate the impact of prison population size on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze the relationship between facility age, maintenance, and conditions (e.g. cleanliness, temperature) and rates of illness, injury, and disorder among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of facility security measures, such as cameras or alarms, in reducing rates of violence, disorder, and illness among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the impact of different types of environmental health and safety measures, such as air quality or waste management, on incarcerated persons' physical health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze patterns in facility disciplinary infractions and sanctions to identify potential instances of discrimination or bias, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of facility maintenance and repair programs in reducing rates of illness, injury, and disorder among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between facility age and conditions and rates of self-harm and suicide among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze the impact of different types of facility visitation policies and restrictions on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of facility cleaning and sanitation procedures in reducing rates of illness and injury among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of drug treatment programs in reducing rates of drug-related disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' access to educational and vocational programs and their likelihood of finding employment upon release, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of visitation policies and restrictions on incarcerated persons' relationships with family and friends, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' access to medical care and their likelihood of developing chronic medical conditions or experiencing preventable deaths, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' housing conditions and access to basic necessities (e.g. food, water, hygiene supplies), and their physical health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' access to medical care and their overall physical health and well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the impact of solitary confinement on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' access to mental health services and their likelihood of receiving diagnoses or treatment, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' access to medical care and their likelihood of developing chronic medical conditions or experiencing preventable deaths, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' work assignments and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of environmental health and safety measures, such as air quality and waste management, on overall well-being and disciplinary infractions, based on demographic information and offense type.

Data on the Incarcerated Population

• Analyze the relationship between incarcerated persons' demographic information (age, gender, race, etc.) and rates of disciplinary infractions, mental health diagnoses, and chronic medical conditions. (do not do this, plz)

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' criminal history and offense type and rates of disciplinary infractions and overall well-being.

• Analyze the relationship between incarcerated persons' gang affiliation and security threat level and rates of disciplinary infractions, violence, and disorder.

• Analyze the relationship between incarcerated persons' sentence length and time served and rates of disciplinary infractions, overall well-being, and job prospects upon release.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' offense type and severity and rates of disciplinary infractions, overall well-being

• Analyze the relationship between incarcerated persons' custody level and rates of disciplinary infractions, violence, and disorder, based on demographic information and offense type.

Data on the Facility

• Analyze the relationship between the use of restraints on incarcerated pregnant persons and rates of maternal and fetal health complications, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of disciplinary interventions, such as loss of visitation privileges or placement in isolation, on rates of self-harm and suicide, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of disciplinary interventions, such as solitary confinement or loss of privileges, on rates of violence and disorder, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Analyze patterns in the use of restraints and segregation on incarcerated persons with disabilities to identify potential instances of discrimination and violations of disability rights, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of visitation policies and restrictions on incarcerated persons' mental health and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type..

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of mental health services in reducing rates of disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons with mental health diagnoses, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of drug treatment programs in reducing rates of drug-related disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of mental health services in reducing rates of disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being for incarcerated persons with substance use disorders, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of security measures, such as cameras and alarms, in reducing incidents of violence and disorder.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' housing assignment and location within the facility and rates of disciplinary infractions and overall well-being.

• Assess the impact of different types of work programs and rehabilitative services on rates of disciplinary infractions, job prospects upon release, and overall well-being.

• Analyze the relationship between incarcerated persons' work assignments and recidivism rates, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Investigate the relationship between incarcerated persons' visitation schedules and overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of medical and mental health services, such as palliative or hospice care, on end-of-life outcomes for incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Assess the impact of different types of recreational activities on overall well-being and disciplinary infractions, based on demographic information and offense type.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of different types of personal hygiene and grooming supplies in reducing rates of disciplinary infractions and improving overall well-being, based on demographic information and offense type.

Data on Transportation

• The gender breakdown of incarcerated persons transported, and any disparities or patterns related to gender

• The racial and ethnic breakdown of incarcerated persons transported, and any disparities or patterns related to race or ethnicity

• The age breakdown of incarcerated persons transported, and any disparities or patterns related to age

• The length and frequency of transport trips, and any negative impacts on the physical or mental health of incarcerated persons

• The cost of transportation, including the cost of fuel, maintenance, repairs, and insurance, as well as any cost savings or cost-cutting measures

• The training and qualifications of staff members involved in transport, and any patterns or disparities related to staff education or experience

• A study of the mental and physical health impacts of transportation, with a focus on vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, elderly persons, or those with disabilities

• An investigation of incidents of violence, discrimination, and abuse during transportation, and the policies and practices that contribute to these incidents

• An examination of the cost of transportation, including the cost of maintaining and operating vehicles, and the potential for cost savings through alternative transportation methods or reduced incarceration rates

• An analysis of the training and qualifications of staff members involved in transportation, and the potential for improved staff education and training to reduce incidents of harm or abuse during transport

• A comparison of transportation practices and outcomes across different correctional facilities or states

• A study of the impact of transportation on recidivism rates, and the potential for improved transportation practices to reduce recidivism and improve reentry outcomes.

Related Public Data

• A study of the relationship between rates of chronic medical conditions and environmental factors such as air quality and proximity to natural resources, based on demographic information and offense type.

• An investigation of the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and weather events on mental health outcomes for incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• An analysis of the relationship between political conditions such as voter turnout rates and crime trends, and rates of violence, disorder, and illness among incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

• A study of the impact of economic conditions such as employment rates and income levels on the physical health and overall well-being of incarcerated persons, based on demographic information and offense type.

If We Knew

If all types of data that the Department of Corrections tracks for its own administrative use were free and accessible to all persons, it would empower different groups in various ways to mitigate the harmful aspects of incarceration. Here are some examples:

1. Incarcerated Persons:
   • Access to data on the number and types of disciplinary actions taken against staff members, as well as the outcomes of those actions. This data would allow incarcerated persons to hold staff members accountable for their actions and to advocate for more effective disciplinary policies.
   • Access to data on the number and types of educational and vocational programs offered to incarcerated persons, as well as the qualifications of the instructors and staff who oversee those programs. This data would allow incarcerated persons to make informed decisions about their education and career paths, and to advocate for more diverse and effective educational programs.
   • Access to data on the number and types of medical and mental health services available to incarcerated persons, as well as the qualifications and experience of the medical and mental health staff. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for improvements to the quality and availability of medical and mental health care, and to better understand their own health needs and options.
   • Access to data on the number and types of grievances or appeals filed by incarcerated persons, as well as the outcomes of those grievances or appeals. This data would allow incarcerated persons to better understand their rights and legal protections, and to advocate for changes in policies or practices that are unfair or unjust.
   • Access to data on mail impoundment rates for contraband, as it could provide incarcerated individuals with a means of protesting new mail policies that may be driven by corporate interests seeking to sell restricted digital access or tablets.
   • Access to data on the cost of labor and the amount of money saved by the correctional facility through incarcerated labor. This data would allow incarcerated persons to negotiate for better wages and working conditions, and to advocate for more equitable labor policies.
   • Access to data on the quality of food hygiene, the nutritional content of meals provided to incarcerated persons, and the availability of healthy food options. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for improvements to the quality and nutritional value of the food they are served.
   • Access to data on the use of force incidents, the reasons for their use, and the number of staff members involved. This data would allow incarcerated persons to hold staff members accountable for their actions and to advocate for more effective and humane use of force policies.
   • Access to data on the number and types of weapons or tools used by staff members during use of force incidents. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for restrictions on the use of certain weapons or tools that are particularly dangerous or prone to abuse.
   • Access to data on the number and types of investigations or hearings related to use of force incidents. This data would allow incarcerated persons to hold staff members accountable for their actions and to advocate for more effective investigation and disciplinary policies.
   • Access to data on the number and types of recreational activities available to incarcerated persons, as well as the qualifications of staff who oversee recreational programs. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for more diverse and engaging recreational activities.
   • Access to data on the availability of specialized personal hygiene and grooming supplies for individuals with specific needs, such as those with disabilities or medical conditions. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for more equitable access to these supplies.
   • Access to data on the types of religious services offered, the qualifications and experience of chaplains and religious volunteers who lead services, and the availability of religious materials. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for more diverse and inclusive religious services and resources.
   • Access to data on the frequency of phone calls or video visits, the costs, and the number of phone calls monitored. This data would allow incarcerated persons to advocate for more affordable and accessible communication options with their loved ones.
   2. University and College Instructors
   • Access to data on the number and types of disciplinary actions taken against staff members: This data could be used to hold staff members accountable for their actions and to advocate for more effective disciplinary policies. Instructors could use this information to help their students better understand the disciplinary process and to advocate for their rights. They could also use this information to better understand the conditions faced by their students and to connect with them more deeply.
   • Access to data on the number and types of educational and vocational programs offered to incarcerated persons: This data could be used to help instructors better understand the educational opportunities available to their students and to advocate for more diverse and effective educational programs. Instructors could use this information to help their students make informed decisions about their education and career paths.
   • Access to data on the number and types of medical and mental health services available to incarcerated persons: This data could be used to help instructors better understand the health needs of their students and to advocate for improvements to the quality and availability of medical and mental health care. Instructors could use this information to better support their students' health and well-being.
   • Access to data on the number and types of grievances or appeals filed by incarcerated persons: This data could be used to help instructors better understand the legal protections available to their students and to advocate for changes in policies or practices that are unfair or unjust. Instructors could use this information to help their students advocate for their rights and to better understand the legal system.
   • Access to data on the cost of labor and the amount of money saved by the correctional facility through incarcerated labor: This data could be used to help instructors better understand the labor conditions faced by their students and to advocate for more equitable labor policies. Instructors could use this information to help their students negotiate for better wages and working conditions.
   • Access to data on the quality of food hygiene, the nutritional content of meals provided to incarcerated persons, and the availability of healthy food options: This data could be used to help instructors better understand the dietary needs of their students and to advocate for improvements to the quality and nutritional value of the food they are served. Instructors could use this information to better support their students' health and well-being.
   • Access to data on the types of religious services offered, the qualifications and experience of chaplains and religious volunteers who lead services, and the availability of religious materials: This data could help instructors better understand the religious needs of their students and advocate for more diverse and inclusive religious services and resources. Instructors could use this information to better support their students' spiritual and emotional well-being.
   • Access to data regarding educational resources such as books can also help educators understand the availability and accessibility of these resources to incarcerated persons. They can use this information to advocate for more comprehensive and diverse educational materials that better meet the needs of the student population.